A UPS system is a key device designed to provide backup power to our systems during electrical fluctuations or interruptions. Its core function is to ensure an uninterrupted power supply for vital equipment from potential damage or loss of data. The UPS system works according to fundamental principles and functions that safeguard sensitive electronics as well as help in fault recovery.
Rectifier:
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Battery Bank:
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Inverter:
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Static Switch:
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Control Circuit:
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Bypass:
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Display and Communication Interface:
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Working principle
Working principle: The main function of the rectifier is to convert the input alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This is usually accomplished with semiconductor rectifying devices such as diodes, which only allow current to flow in one direction. The DC generated by the rectifier provides power for battery charging and the inverter.
The battery pack is the energy storage part of the UPS system, usually using lead-acid batteries.
When the mains power is normal, the battery pack is charged through the rectifier; when the mains power is interrupted, the battery pack provides power to the load through the inverter. The capacity of the battery pack determines how long the UPS system can maintain power supply after a utility power outage.
An inverter converts direct current (DC) back to alternating current (AC) to match the power needs of a load device
Inverters use electronic switches to quickly switch the positive and negative polarity of the DC power source to simulate the waveform of AC power. The AC power generated by the inverter has a stable voltage and frequency to ensure proper operation of the load equipment.
A static switch is a contactless switching device used for rapid switching between mains and battery power
When the mains power is normal, the static switch connects the load to the mains power; when the mains power is interrupted, the static switch quickly switches to the battery power supply mode to ensure that the load equipment is not powered.
The control circuit is the "brain" of the UPS system, responsible for monitoring power input, battery status, load conditions and other parameters, and adjusting the working status of the UPS system as needed
The control circuit is also responsible for performing various protection functions, such as overload protection, short circuit protection, overvoltage protection, and undervoltage protection. When an abnormal situation is detected, the control circuit will quickly take corresponding measures to ensure the safety of the UPS system and load equipment.
The display and communication interface allows users to interact with the UPS system and view system status, parameter settings, alarm information, etc.
At the same time, it also provides interfaces for communication with other systems (such as monitoring systems, network management systems, etc.) to achieve remote monitoring and management functions.
The UPS system's working principle depends on energy storage and inverter tech. When city power is normal, it converts to DC to charge the battery. When mains power is abnormal or off, it switches to battery, converts DC to AC, and supplies stable power to the load.
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